Web Technology Experts Notes

Friday 24 July 2020

Scrum Tutorial - part 2

Question: What is Scrum Events?
There are prescribed events that are used in Scrum to create regularity and these are time-boxed events.
Following are 4 Events.

Sprint planning
Daily scrum
Sprint review
Sprint retrospective

Question: What is Product Backlog?
The Product Backlog is an ordered list of application/software/etc that is known to be needed in the product.
It is the single source of requirements for any changes to be made to the product.
The Product Owner is responsible for the Product Backlog, including its content, availability, and ordering.

Question: What is Sprint Backlog?
The Sprint Backlog is the set of Product Backlog items selected for the Sprint, plus a plan for delivering the product Increment and realizing the Sprint Goal.
The Sprint Backlog is a forecast by the Development Team about what functionality will be in the next Increment

Question: What is Increment?
The Increment is the sum of all the Product Backlog items completed during a Sprint and the value of the increments of all previous Sprints.

Question: What is Definition of DONE?
When a Product Backlog item or an Increment is described as “Done”, everyone must understand what "Done" means.
Before a Product Backlog Item is considered "done" or "complete", it must respect the following criteria (Defination may be similar to below):
--Unit Tests are written and passing
--Acceptance Tests are written and passing
--Accessibility testing using https://wave.webaim.org/
--Continuous Integration (CI) pipeline passing

Question: What is Burn-down Chart?
A chart which shows the amount of work which is thought to remain in a backlog. .

Question: What is Burn-up Chart?
A chart which shows the amount of work which has been completed..

Question: What is Coherent/Coherence?
The quality of the relationship between certain Product Backlog items which may make them worthy of consideration as a whole.

Question: What is Emergence?
The process of the coming into existence or prominence of new facts or new knowledge of a fact, or knowledge of a fact becoming visible unexpectedly.

Question: What is Empiricism?
It has three pillars: transparency, inspection and adaptation.

Question: What is Sprint Retrospective?
Scrum Event that is set to a time-box of 3 hours, or less, to end a Sprint.

Question: What is Technical Debt?
The typically unpredictable overhead of maintaining the product.

Question: What is Artifacts?
An object made by a human being, typically one of cultural or historical interest.

Question: What is Cancelling a Sprint?
A Sprint can be cancelled before the Sprint time-box is over. Only the Product Owner has the authority to cancel the Sprint, although he or she may do so under influence from the stakeholders, the Development Team, or the Scrum Master.

Question: Describe the Scrum Events in Details?

Sprint planning: A time-boxed event occurs at the beginning of a sprint where the team determines the product backlog items they will work.
Daily scrum: A is a 15-minute time-boxed event for the Development Team to synchronize activities and create a plan for the next 24 hours.
Sprint review: A time-boxed event holds at the end of the Sprint to inspect the Increment and adapt the Product Backlog if needed. In this the Scrum Team and stakeholders collaborate about what was done in the Sprint.
Sprint retrospective: Event for providing an opportunity for the Scrum Team to inspect itself and create a plan for improvements to be enacted during the next Sprint.

Python Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Question: What is current Stable version of Python?

Version: 3.5.1 Dated: 7 December 2015

Question: What is Filename extension of Python?
py, .pyc, .pyd, .pyo, pyw, .pyz

Question: What is offical website of Python?
www.python.org

Question: What is the difference between deep copy and shallow copy?

Shallow copy is used when a new instance type gets created and it keeps the values that are copied.
Deep copy is used to store the values that are already copied.
Shallow copy is used to copy the reference pointers just like it copies the values.
Shallow copy allows faster execution of the program whereas deep copy makes slow.

Question: How to use ternary operators?

[on_true] if [expression] else [on_false]
x, y = 25, 50
big = x if x < y else y

Question: What are different data-type in Python?

Numbers
Strings
Strings
List
Dictionaries
Sets

Question: What is module in python?
Module is set of related functionalities. Each python program file is a module, which imports other modules to use names they define using object.attribute notation.

Question: What is lambda in python?
lamda is a single expression anonymous function often used as inline function.

Question: How to validate Email Address in python?

re.search(r"[0-9a-zA-Z.]+@[a-zA-Z]+\.(com|co\.in)$","myemail@domain.com")

Question: What is pass in Python?
pass is no-operation Python statement and used to indicate nothing to be done.

Question: What is iterators?
iterators is used iterate over a group of elements, containers, like list

Question: What is slicing in Python?
Slicing is a mechanism to select a range of items from Sequence types like strings, list, tuple, etc.

Question: What is docstring in Python?
Python documentation string is a way of documenting Python modules, functions, classes. PEP 257 standardize the high-level structure of docstrings.

Question: Name few modules that are included in python by default?

datetime
re (regular expressions)
string
itertools
ctypes
email
xml
logging
os
subprocess

Question: What is list comprehension?
Creating a list by doing some operation over data that can be accessed using an iterator.

>>>[ord(i) for i in string.ascii_uppercase]
     [65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90]
 >>>

Question: What is map?
MAP executes the function given as the first argument on all the elements of the iterable given as the second argument.

Question: What is the difference between a tuple and a list?
A tuple is immutable i.e. can not be changed. It can be operated on only.
List is mutable. Changes can be done internally to it.

Question: How to Remove white spaces from string?

filter(lambda x: x != ' ', s)

Question: What are metaclasses in Python?
A metaclass is the class of a class.
A class defines how an instance of the class (i.e. object) behaves while a metaclass defines how a class behaves. A class is an instance of a metaclass.

Question: How do I check whether a file exists without exceptions?

os.path.isfile("/etc/password.txt");//true

Question: How to call an external command?

import subprocess
subprocess.run(["ls", "-l"])

Friday 24 July 2020

Scrum Tutorial - part 2

Thursday 23 July 2020

Python Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

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