Saturday, 30 May 2015

Frontend Interview Questions and Answers for experienced

Front end Interview Questions and Answers for experienced












Question: How can you declare a class in Javascript?
In javascript, classes declare is quite different from C++, PHP and java.
Following are three different ways to declare the javascript.
1. Class using function as a constructor
function Person(name) {  
    this.name = name;
}

/* Create an Object an object */
var person = new Person("Web Technology experts Notes");  
person.name; // Web Technology experts Notes


2. Class Literal notation
var person = {  
    name: "",
    setName: function(name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}
person.setName("Web Technology experts Notes");  
person.name; // Web Technology experts Notes


3. Singleton through a function
var person = new function() {  
    this.setName = function(name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    this.printData = function() {
        return this.name;
    }
}
person.setName("Rafael");  
console.log(person.printData()); // Web Technology experts Notes


Question: What is Difference between null and undefined?
NULL is object
undefined is a datatype
console.log(null);  
console.log(undefined);



Question: How can you add a method to a already defined class?
using prototype you can achieve the same.
function Person(name) {  
    this.name = name;
}
Person.prototype.newfunction = function() {  
    console.debug("new function is called.");
}

//create an object
var person = new Person("Web Technology");
// Calling the new method  
person.newfunction(); // new function is called.



Question: What is Sass?
Sass is the modern way of doing CSS.
Sass works with variables, nested syntax and mathematical operations


Question: How to improve the performance of page from Frontend?

  • Use sprite images
  • Javascripts should be at the bottom of the page
  • Ensure parallel requests
  • Compress images
  • Browser Caching



Question: What is XHTML?
XHTML is an HTML that follows the XML rules.


Question: Why Recommended external CSS or Javascript versus inline?
1. Hard to maintain the Inline JS/CSS.
2. Inline js/css load slower.
3. No caching benefits in Inline JS/CSS.


Question: Why do we need to use W3C standard code?
W3C standards are to ensure cross-platform compatibility and more compact file sizes.


Question: What is lazy loading?
Lazy loading is a design pattern commonly used in computer field.
Lazy loading is loading code only once user needs it.


Question: What is the difference between HTML elements and tags?
HTML elements communicate to the browser how to render text.
Aftr that they are surrounded by angular brackets <> they form HTML tags.


Question: What does DOCTYPE mean?
DOCTYPE tells the browser which type of HTML is used in current webpage.


Question: Tell the name of few new tags in HTML5?
datalist, datetime, output, keygen, date, month, week, time, number, range, email, and url.


Question: What is the purpose of the z-index and how is it used?
The z-index helps specify the positioned elements that may overlap one another.
z-index can take following values.
Auto: Sets the order equal to its parents.
Number: Set Orders the Number specified.
Initial: Sets this property to its default value which is zero.
Inherit: Inherits from parent element.


Question: List the main CSS style sheet properties?
  • Background
  • Text
  • Font
  • List
  • Outline
  • Margin
  • Border
  • Padding
  • Table



Question: What are some of the new features and properties in CSS3? Box model
  • New Web fonts
  • Rounded corners
  • Box Shadows, 
  • Transform property
  • Border Images
  • Text Shadows
  • New Color schemes
  • Multi-column layout
  • New Pseudo-classes
  • New Gradients



Wednesday, 27 May 2015

linux Interview Questions and Answers for freshers and experienced


linux Interview Questions and Answers for freshers and experienced


Question: What is Linux?
Linux is an operating system based on UNIX.
First Linux was introduced by Linus Torvalds.
It is based on the Linux Kernel and can run on different hardware platforms manufactured by Intel, MIPS, HP, IBM, SPARC and Motorola etc.


Question: What is the difference between UNIX and LINUX?
Unix originally began as a propriety operating system from Bell Laboratories, which later on leads to different commercial versions.
Linux is free, open source and intended as a non-propriety operating system.


Question: What is BASH?
BASH is short for Bourne Again SHell.
Bash is the opensource version of the Bourne shell distributed with Linux and GNU operating systems.


Question: What is Linux Kernel?
The Linux Kernel is a low-level systems software whose have following:
1. Manage hardware resources for the user.
2. Provide an interface for user-level interaction.


Question: What is LILO?
LILO is a boot loader for Linux.


Question: What is a swap space?
Swap space is space used by Linux to temporarily hold some programs that are running.


Question: What is the basic difference between BASH and DOS?
1. BASH are case sensitive while DOS commands are not.
2. In BASH, / character is a directory separator and \ acts as an escape character.
In DOS, \ character is the directory separator and / serves as a command argument delimiter.
3. DOS follows a naming convention in which 8 character file name followed by a dot and 3 character for the extension. BASH does not follows such convention.


Question: Describe the root account?
The root account is administrator account, and have you full control of the system.


Question: What is CLI?
Full form of CLI is Command Line Interface.


Question: What is GUI?
Full form of GUI is Graphical User Interface.

GUI makes uses images, icon and decorated for user to easily communicating with the computer.


Question: What are symbolic links?
Symbolic links act similarly to shortcuts in Windows.


Question: What are the kinds of permissions under Linux?
Read
Write
Execute


Question: How do you change permissions under Linux?
Use + symbol to add permission.
Use symbol to deny permission.
Use u symbol for User.
Use g symbol for Group.
Use a symbol for all.
Use r symbol for Read.
Use w symbol for write.
Use x symbol for Execute.


Question: What are hard links?
Hard links point directly to the physical file on disk.


Question: What is the maximum length for a filename under Linux?
255 characters (Excluding file path).

Question: What are file-names that are preceded by a dot?
These are hidden files.

Question:What are daemons?
Daemons are services that provide functions that may not be available under the base operating system.

Question: What is the SMTP?
Full form of SMTP is Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.
SMTP is the Internet protocol for electronic mail transmission.
Technically SMTP protocol is used to sending and receiving email From one server to another server.


Question: What is Samba?
Samba is an Open Source/Free Software that provides seamless file and print services to SMB/CIFS clients.


Question: What Samba service do?
Samba is interoperability between Linux/Unix servers and Windows-based clients. So that Linux machines can connect to Microsoft network resources.


Question: In which language Samba is written?
C, C++, Python


Question: What is name of Service used with NFS to provide remote file access for UNIX systems?
NIS


Question: Which service provides searching capabilities on an intranet or domain?
Dig


Question: What is MTA?
Full form of MTA is Message Transfer Agent.
MTA is software that transfers electronic mail messages from one computer to another using a client–server application architecture.
MTA implements both side Client Side and Server Side.


Question: Which port should you open in your host firewall to run web server?
Default port is 80 and 443.


Question: Which ports should you open in host firewall for an email server?
POP3 e-mail protocol use 110 port.
SMTP e-mail protocol use 25 port.
IMAP e-mail protocol use 143 port.


Question: Which IP addressing should you use for Server?
Static IP address.


Question: Which IP address should you use for client desktop?
For client you can use both static and dynamic.


Question: What command is used to remove files?
rm filename



Question: What command is used to remove directory?
rmdir directoryname


you have to empty the directory before remove.


Question: What is the core of Linux Operating System?
Kernel is the core of Linux Operating System.


Question: What is Shell in Linux?
Shell is a command Line Interpreter in Linux.


Question: What is Terminal?
Terminal is a command Line Interface.


Question: Is it legal to edit Linux Kernel?
Yes,
Kernel is released under General Public Licence (GPL), So any one can edit as per requirement.


Question: Is Linux Operating system Virus free?
No,
Linux is known to have least number of Viruses.


Question: What is grep command?
It is used search.


Question: How do you terminate an ongoing process?
use kill command.
For example
kill #333