AWS Tutorial Terminology page 6

Question: What is Amazon Route 53?
Amazon Route 53 is a highly available and scalable cloud Domain Name System (DNS) web service.


Question: What are main functions of Route 53?

1. Register domain names: Your website needs a name, such as example.com. Route 53 lets you register a name for your website.
2. Route internet traffic to the resources: Connect the domain with website source code.
3. Check the health of your resources: Route 53 sends automated requests over the internet to a resource, such as a web server, to verify that it's available .

Question: Elaborate the Working of Route 53?
;
See details


Question: What is Network ACLs?
A network access control list (ACL) is an optional layer of security for your VPC that acts as a firewall for controlling traffic in and out.


Question: What are basics of Network ACLs?

1. Your VPC automatically comes with a modifiable default network ACL. By default, it allows all inbound and outbound IPv4 traffic and, if applicable, IPv6 traffic.
2. You can create a custom network ACL and associate it with a subnet. By default, each custom network ACL denies all inbound and outbound traffic until you add rules.
3. Each subnet in your VPC must be associated with a network ACL. If you don't explicitly associate a subnet with a network ACL, the subnet is automatically associated with the default network ACL
4. You can associate a network ACL with multiple subnets
5. A network ACL has separate inbound and outbound rules, and each rule can either allow or deny traffic

Question: What is Amazon EC2 Security Groups?
A security group acts as a virtual firewall that controls the traffic for one or more instances.
When you launch an instance, you associate one or more security groups with the instance. You add rules to each security group that allow traffic to or from its associated instances.


Question: What are difference between security group and network ACL?

1. Network Access control lists are applicable at the subnet level, so any instance in the subnet with an associated NACL will follow rules of NACL. That's not the case with security groups, security groups has to be assigned explicitly to the instance.
2. By default your default vpc, will have a default Network Access Control List which would allow all traffic , both inbound and outbound.
3. NACLs are stateless unlike security groups. Security groups are statefull ,if you add an inbound rule say for port 80, it is automatically allowed out, meaning outbound rule for that particular port need not be explicitly added. But in NACLs you need to provide explicit inbound and outbound rules

Question: Name the several layers of Cloud Computing.?

1. PaaS: Platform as a Service
2. IaaS: Infrastructure as a Service
3. SaaS: Software as a Service

Question: What are the components involved in Amazon Web Services?
Amazon S3 : with this, one can retrieve the key information which are occupied in creating cloud structural design and amount of produced information also can be stored in this component that is the consequence of the key specified.
Amazon SimpleDB : helps in storing the transitional position log and the errands executed by the consumers.
Amazon SQS : this component acts as a mediator between different controllers. Also worn for cushioning requirements those are obtained by the manager of Amazon.
Amazon EC2 instance : helpful to run a large distributed system on the Hadoop cluster. Automatic parallelization and job scheduling can be achieved by this component.


Question: Name the various layers of the cloud architecture?

1. CC- Cluster Controller
2. SC- Storage Controller
3. CLC- Cloud Controller
4. Walrus
5. NC- Node Controller

Google speech recognition Integration with PHP

Question: What is Speech Recognition?
Google Cloud Speech-to-Text enables developers to convert audio to text by applying powerful neural network models in an easy to use API. The API recognizes 120 languages and variants.


Question: Does it provide Speech Recognition for real-time streaming?
Yes, Its provide for both real-time streaming or pre-recorded audio.


Question: What are the different languages for it provides speech to text?
https://cloud.google.com/speech-to-text/docs/languages


Question: Does it return immediately?
Cloud Speech-to-Text can stream text results, immediately returning text as it’s recognized from streaming audio or as the user is speaking.
For short audio (less than a min), It return results.

For Longer audio, Its take time (1min -20) depend on audio file length.


Question: What are different Models for Speech to Text?

1. command_and_search: Best for short queries such as voice commands or voice search.
2. phone_call: Best for audio that originated from a phone call .
3. video: Best for audio that originated from video or includes multiple speakers
4. default: Best for audio that is not one of the specific audio models.

You can set model in following way

$operation = $speech->beginRecognizeOperation(
   'gs://product_id/file_name.wav',
    array('model'=>'video')
); 

Question: What are the pricing for speech to text?
https://cloud.google.com/speech-to-text/pricing



Question: How to set private key in the environment?

putenv('GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS=priviate_key_json.json'); 

Question: How to get punctuation in results?
punctuation are the character which we use in written. for example comma(,), perios(.), question mark?.
You can get the punctuation in transcription results by providing enableWordTimeOffsets=true in the config.

for example:
You can set enableWordTimeOffsets in following way

$operation = $speech->beginRecognizeOperation(
   'gs://product_id/file_name.wav',
    array('enableWordTimeOffsets'=>true,'model'=>'video')
); 

Question: What is office link for speech to text?
https://cloud.google.com/speech-to-text/


Question: What is Github link for speech to text?
https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/google-cloud-php-speech


Question: How to install the SDK for speech to text?

php composer.phar require google/cloud-speech

Question: How to get the transcription for small audio file.?

$audioFilePath='gs://ar10w12018/1135-19114_720p.wav';//You can place your path here
$speech = new SpeechClient([
    'languageCode' => 'en-US'
]);

// Recognize the speech in an audio file.
$results = $speech->recognize(
   $audioFilePath,
);

foreach ($results as $result) {
    echo $result->topAlternative()['transcript'] . "\n";
}   

Question: How to get the transcription for heavy audio file.?
for heavy files, make sure you have already uploaded to google cloud and you have path.

$audioFilePath='gs://ar10w12018/1135-19114_720p.wav';//You can place your path here
$speech = new SpeechClient([
    'languageCode' => 'en-US'
]);

// Recognize the speech in an audio file.
$operation = $speech->beginRecognizeOperation(
   $audioFilePath,
    array('enableWordTimeOffsets'=>true,'model'=>'video')
); 
echo $operation->name(); //operation name

You can get the results by using Operation Name.

$operationName='194790781308823479';
$speech = new SpeechClient([
    'languageCode' => 'en-US'
]);
$operation = $speech->operation($operationName);

$isComplete = $operation->isComplete();
if($isComplete){
$results=$operation->results();
}